Types of heroin

Types of heroin?? Heroin, an illegal and highly addictive drug, is sold in three different forms: black tar heroin, brown powder heroin, and white powder heroin. Each type of heroin contains slightly different ingredients, and all may have various other substances added. These can increase the potency of the drug, making it even more dangerous in some cases.

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Heroin is usually a mixture of diacetylmorphine, the active ingredient that produces the drug’s effects, and a variety of filler ingredients. Some of these fillers are other opiates and share some of the psychoactive effects of heroin. Others are simply powders that share the appearance of the form of heroin with which they are cut. And in some cases, the additions are toxins that can cause deadly side effects.

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psychoactive ingredients

Diacetylmorphine, or diamorphine, is a very potent pain reliever that is synthesized from the latex sap of opium poppy seeds, known as opium. The opium poppy grows in many parts of the world, including Asia, Australia, parts of Europe, Turkey, Afghanistan, Colombia and Mexico.

This opiate is the main psychoactive ingredient in heroin, producing the euphoric effect of heroin. It is also what gives heroin its addictive qualities and creates a state of physical dependence in its users; the more someone uses it, the more they need to avoid withdrawal symptoms.

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Synthetic opioid overdose deaths increased by 219 % in the United States between 2010 and 2015. This is mainly due to the contamination of heroin and other drugs with fentanyl, an illegally manufactured opioid painkiller that is several times more potent and dangerous than heroin . .

Surveys show that addicts are concerned about fentanyl in their heroin, and most are willing to use rapid test strips, which can be used to detect the presence of fentanyl in drug samples (before use) or urine (after use) and can help educate people about the risk of exposure.

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In addition to diacetylmorphine and fentanyl, street heroin may contain a variety of other street and prescription drugs, including methamphetamine. While methamphetamine is a stimulant and heroin is a relaxant, both produce feelings of euphoria. A drug dealer can often get away with mixing any euphoric psychoactive drug with heroin, if it is available at a lower price.

Methamphetamine has its own risks and often contains toxic chemicals. This makes direct injection into the bloodstream especially dangerous.

black tar heroin

Black tar heroin appears as a sticky mass of blackened, brownish substance. It is produced by a very rudimentary process in which the opiate produced is relatively unrefined compared to white powdered heroin.

Although black tar heroin has been around for more than 100 years, its popularity in the United States began in the 1970s because it is cheaper and easier to produce than white powdered heroin.

White or brown powdered street heroin

Further processing of black tar heroin and cutting with lactose can produce brown powder heroin. White powder heroin in its purest form is a salt form of the drug known as diacetylmorphine hydrochloride, although it is usually mixed or “spiked” with other white powders. These reduce potency and increase the risk of contamination and damage to veins if the drug is injected.

As a general rule, the purer the heroin, the whiter and brighter it appears, while the heavier the heroin, the more opaque the white powder appears.

Chemical additives
The process of making heroin from opium varies according to the methods used and the facilities in which it is produced. These facilities may be state-of-the-art forensic laboratories run by fully qualified chemists. These could be clandestine laboratories run by illicit drug manufacturers. Or they could be makeshift spaces run by local producers with little or no training in chemistry.

Sometimes heroin is manufactured in home labs by people trying to convert prescription painkillers, such as oxycodone, into street heroin. There is no way to know the point of origin or additional ingredients in heroin purchased on the street. It may contain contaminants that are byproducts of the manufacturing process, such as calcium oxide, ammonia, chloroform, hydrochloric acid and acetic anhydride.

anesthetics
Street heroin may contain local anesthetics such as xylocaine. While anesthetics are legally used for medical and dental purposes, they carry risks, can have side effects, and are also potential allergens, which carry additional risks of adverse health effects. These may not be recognized or properly managed by users or resellers.

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Filler ingredients are added to augment heroin so that dealers can increase their profit margins. Some of these are benign substances such as talc, flour, cornstarch, powdered milk and various sugars.

Other fillers are harmful. For example, black tar heroin may be diluted with black or dirty shoe polish. Quinine is sometimes added to white powdered heroin because of its bitter taste.

potential toxins
It is also possible for poisons to be converted to heroin. Strychnine, used as a pesticide in rat poison, is a poisonous ingredient that is sometimes mixed with heroin.

Psychological symptoms of strychnine poisoning include anxiety, restlessness, agitation, and increased startle response. Physical symptoms include jaw tension, muscle pain and spasms, stiffness in the arms and legs, and arching of the neck and back.

Black tar heroin can be cut with soil, which may contain the spores of a toxic contaminant called Clostridium botulinum. This bacterium causes a potentially fatal type of food poisoning called botulism. If the spores enter a wound, they can cause a rare infection called wound botulism. Although the wound may appear small, the infection is extremely serious.

While not an ingredient in heroin, people who burn heroin in aluminum foil to inhale the fumes, a practice known as “chasing the dragon,” may have high levels of aluminum in their urine. Aluminum is known to be a neurotoxin, although the long-term effects on heroin users have not yet been established.